Infrastructure and the industry in Turkey

June 8th, 2009

The textile industry develops in Turkey, the metallurgical, chemical industry, and also the extracting, oil refining and machine-building industries. The mining industry provides 7,2 % of cost of an industrial output and building. In branch about 72 % of manufacture it is provided with the state enterprises (without oil).

Fuel raw materials-coal; the magnet and oil – goes for internal needs. Coal extraction is conducted at the Black Sea coast. Brown coal is extracted in mines in Afishine – Elbistane, in Sejtomire, Tunchbileke (or Kjutahja). On 80 % extraction is carried out by the state enterprises.

The oil recovery in comparison with the sizes of its internal consumption is insufficient. The state enterprises in a combination to the foreign capital carry out search works, and also the foreign companies, the private and mixed companies. The most important area is in the Ego-east Anatolys. Since deposits are in the remote areas expenses for extraction and transport increase.

In territory also there are deposits and copper ore, mercury, sulphur, , uranium ore, бориты, phosphorites, gold and silver (small amount) is extracted.

The rubber industry is presented четырмя by modern factories on manufacture of automobile tyres. On private enterprises make tyre covers and chambers of motorcycles and bicycles. Other branch is a rubber footwear, and also products.

Manufacture of ferrous metals is concentrated in three large state enterprises of ferrous metallurgy – Karabjuksky, Eregijsky and Iskenderunsky industrial complexes. On the last and steel melt. The copper melt takes place. There are enterprises the industries.

The machine-building and electrotechnical industry has had development first of all at the expense of creation of the assembly enterprises. In this branch participation of the private capital is especially actively presented. Mechanical engineering branches: assemblage and manufacture transport’s means, building of iron vehicles, railways, cars, refrigerators, diesel engines-motors. There are repair factories shipbuilding is developed in Istanbul and Izmir. On shipyards vessels for city and not extended coasting lines, car ferries are under construction. The considerable part of the equipment and spare parts is imported. Sredne – and Turkey buys vessels abroad.

Railway museums

June 4th, 2009

In Turkey a little some the interesting railway museums telling as about stories of railways (including Hidzhazsky, connected Istanbul and Medina in Saudi Arabia), and set of unique steam locomotives, cars and the various technics of that epoch.

The railway history of Turkey is a little known to the mass tourist though the railway communication in Turkey originates in 1871, at the time of Ottomansky Empire. The first railroad line has connected Istanbul with a place of Halkali that in 20 km to the west then building was developed by active rates in a direction of Paris. In 1873 on a place of present station Sirkechi (directly under walls of a palace of Topkapy) the temporary station has been constructed. Station in that kind in which we see it today, have constructed only in 1888. The first train which has received the name “East express train”, has gone from Paris to Istanbul on October, 4th, 1883.

Its route lay from Paris to Strasbourg, Karlsruhe, Stuttgart, Ulm, Munich, Vienna, Budapest, Bucharest, Ruse, Varna, Edirne and further arrived on station Sirkechi in Istanbul. For 80 hours of a way the train overcame distance in 3 094 km. “East express train”, kings, princes and presidents were whose passengers, has stopped the existence in 1977 because of difficulties in crossing of borders of the countries of the Warsaw contract. “East express train” has been partially revived only in 1982, but to this day, despite opening of borders, has not returned itself former value. Trains from the Istanbul station Sirkechi follow only to Belgrad, Sofia and Bucharest.

Museums are located:
National railway museum in Chamlyke (Izmir) having the collection largest in Europe of locomotives. The address: Caml’k Buharl Lokomotif Muzesi, Izmir.
Museum at station Sirkechi, Istanbul.
Museum “Rahmi Kosh” in Istanbul. The address: Rahmi Koc Muzesi Haskoy cadessi, Haskoy, Istanbul
The museum in Ankara is located directly in territory of Ankara.

Museums and libraries

June 4th, 2009

In Turkey the great number of museums operates. The former main residence of sultans a palace of Topkapy contains expositions in which treasures of the Osmansky dynasty are shown in Istanbul. With 1933 museum there was also a Byzantian temple St. Sofia transformed into a mosque in 1453, after a gain of the country by osmanli Turks. In the Hettsky museum in Ankara the set of well remained wooden and stone sculptures is collected. Archaeological museums in Istanbul and Ankara have the big collections of products эллинистического and the Roman periods. Istanbul is proud of the museum of Turkish and Muslim art. Folk art museums are created practically in each city. In all big cities there are public libraries. Best of them – National library in Ankara in which funds it is collected more than 600 thousand books.